Genetics is founded on the Mendelian Principles and on the
Gene-Chromosome Theory. By crossing pea plants and mathematically
analyzing the results, Mendel developed principles of dominance,
segregation of alleles (2 different forms of the same gene), and
independent assortment of alleles. He also proposed that traits
were inherited through transmission of hereditary factors.
Major genetic concepts include dominance, segregation and
recombination, intermediate inheritance, independent assortment,
gene linkage, crossing over, multiple alleles, sex determination
in humans, and sex linkage.
DNA acts as the hereditary material. It is found in the
nucleus, and has a double-helix, ladder configuration (according
to the Watson-Crick model).
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