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ACT® vs. SAT®

Both the ACT and the SAT are nationally administered, standardized tests that help schools evaluate your application and see how prepared you are for college courses.

Most colleges accept both the ACT and SAT, allowing you to choose the test that best matches your strengths. To help you decide where to start your application journey, use this quick guide.

Table of Contents

  • ACT Format & Timing
  • SAT Format & Timing
  • ACT vs. SAT Scoring
  • ACT vs. SAT Test Content
  • ACT vs. SAT Test Costs

ACT Format & Timing

Learn about the ACT's structure so you know what to expect on test day.

ACT Section

Number of Questions

Timing

English

50 questions

35 minutes

Math

45 questions

50 minutes

Reading

36 questions

40 minutes

Science (Optional)

40 questions

40 minutes

Writing (Optional)

1 essay

40 minutes

ACT Test Changes

Major ACT updates introduced for 2025–2026 directly incorporate feedback from students and educators. The refreshed exam offers a shorter, lower-stress format designed to give test-takers greater control over their testing experience. Check the official ACT website or explore our updated guide for the latest details.

SAT Format & Timing

Learn about the SAT's structure so you know what to expect on test day.

SAT Section

Number of Questions

Timing

Reading and Writing

54

64 minutes (two 32-minute modules)

Math

44

70 minutes (two 35-minute modules)

ACT vs. SAT Scoring

Learn how these college entrance exams are scored.

Scoring

ACT Scoring

SAT Scoring

Score Calculation

The ACT is scored by assigning a scaled score ranging from 1 to 36 for each required test (English, Math, and Reading). These scores are averaged to calculate the final composite ACT score. 

A separate score is issued for the optional Science and Writing Tests if a student chooses to take either.

Both the Reading and Writing section and the Math section of the SAT are divided into two modules. A student’s performance on the first module determines the difficulty of the questions in the second module. The highest scores can be earned by doing well on a more difficult second module.

The Reading and Writing section and the Math section of the SAT are each worth 200 to 800 points, combining for a total score of 400 to 1600.

Wrong Answer Penalty

No penalty for wrong answers.

No penalty for wrong answers.

Score Percentile Rankings

Provided

Provided

ACT vs. SAT Test Content

While the two tests are similar, there are some key differences to keep in mind.

Exam Section

Topics Covered

SAT Reading & Writing

Information & Ideas

Craft & Structure

Expression of Ideas

Standard English Conventions

SAT Math

Algebra

Advanced Math

Problem-Solving & Data Analysis

Geometry & Trigonometry

ACT English

Production of Writing: 

  • Topic development
  • Organization, unity, and cohesion

Knowledge of Language

Conventions of Standard English: 

  • Sentence structure & formation
  • Punctuation
  • Usage

ACT Math

Preparing for Higher Math:

  • Number and Quantity
  • Algebra
  • Functions
  • Geometry
  • Statistics & probability

Integrating Essential Skills

Modeling

ACT Reading

Key Ideas & Details

Craft & Structure

Integration of Knowledge & Ideas

ACT Science (Optional)

Interpretation of Data

Scientific Investigation

Evaluation of Scientific Arguments and Models with Evidence:

  • Data representation
  • Research summaries
  • Conflicting viewpoints

ACT Writing (Optional)

Idea & Analysis

Development & Support

Organization

Language Use & Conventions

ACT vs. SAT Test Costs

Learn about the different testing fees for the ACT and SAT.

Fee Type

ACT Fees

SAT Fees

Registration

$70 for core exam (English, Math, and Reading)

+$5 for Optional Science

+$25 for Optional Writing

$68

Late Registration

$42

$38

Change Fee

$49

$34

Cancel Fee

Nonrefundable

$34

Waitlist

$75

Free

First 4 Score Reports

Free

Free

Additional Score Reports

$20 each

$15 each

Upcoming ACT Test Dates

Make your application process go smoothly by deciding which exam you plan to take as early as possible. You’ll want to have enough time to prepare for your test, and you may even want to take the test multiple times to improve your score. With that in mind, the schedule of upcoming ACT test dates may also play an important role in your decision of which test to take. Don’t worry, we’ve compiled all the upcoming test dates to help you plan.